Lyme Disease Awareness: Prevention and Early Detection Matter

As warmer weather encourages more outdoor activities, experts are reminding patients and families to stay aware of the signs and risks of Lyme disease, especially when traveling to regions where the illness is more common. According to Andrew Forster, M.D., an internal medicine physician with Baptist Health South Florida, Lyme disease can be particularly difficult to diagnose because many of its early symptoms mimic common viral illnesses.

Forster explained that Lyme disease may not always be top of mind for physicians in places like Florida, where cases are less common than in the Northeast or Upper Midwest. That is why taking a detailed travel history is so important. Patients who recently traveled to areas known for ticks and then develop symptoms such as fever, fatigue, headaches, body aches or rashes should make sure to mention those details to their doctor.

One of the most recognizable signs of Lyme disease is the “bull’s-eye” rash, medically known as erythema migrans. The rash often appears as a circular red mark with a lighter center, similar to a target. However, Forster noted that not every patient develops the rash, which can make diagnosis even more complicated. Without that hallmark symptom, early Lyme disease can resemble the flu or other common illnesses.

The interview also highlighted concerns surrounding chronic symptoms that may persist in some patients even after early antibiotic treatment. According to Forster, roughly 5% to 10% of patients treated for Lyme disease may continue experiencing lingering symptoms. He emphasized that these cases can be complex and are best managed by infectious disease specialists with experience treating Lyme-related conditions. Current approaches may involve therapies aimed at calming immune system activity rather than prolonged antibiotic use.

When it comes to prevention, Forster stressed that protective clothing and tick avoidance remain the most effective strategies. He recommends wearing long sleeves and pants, tucking pants into socks, using insect-repellent clothing treated with permethrin and checking the body carefully for ticks after spending time outdoors. Despite these recommendations, many people do not consistently follow preventive measures, especially during warm-weather activities.

Looking ahead, Forster said there is growing hope for future Lyme disease vaccines, though research and development are still ongoing. In the meantime, he emphasized that prevention and early recognition remain critical. By paying attention to symptoms, discussing recent travel with health care providers and taking tick precautions seriously, patients may reduce their risk of both acute infection and long-term complications.