The Lifesaving Power of Cardiac Rehab for Women

Thais Coutinho, M.D.

Credit: American Heart Association

For women recovering from a heart attack, heart surgery or other major cardiac event, taking the next step in healing can feel overwhelming. Yet one proven path — cardiac rehabilitation — can dramatically improve recovery, boost mental and physical health, and lower the risk of another heart event. Unfortunately, according to a new American Heart Association (AHA) scientific statement published in Circulation, women are less likely than men to be referred to or complete cardiac rehab, despite often standing to gain even greater benefits.

The AHA’s statement, "Cardiac Rehabilitation in Women," emphasizes the urgent need to address these gaps — especially for women juggling multiple roles and responsibilities. Programs that offer flexible scheduling, hybrid participation options and supportive group environments could help make rehab more accessible and effective for women everywhere.

Thais Coutinho, M.D., chair of the scientific statement writing group for the AHA and a professor of medicine and director of the Aorta Clinic at the Mayo Clinic, spoke with The Educated Patient about why cardiac rehab matters for women, what’s keeping participation low and how patients can take action to protect their heart health and quality of life.

The AHA’s new statement highlights that women are less likely than men to be referred to or complete cardiac rehab. Why do you think this gap exists?

Thais Coutinho, M.D: Women are less likely to be referred to or finish cardiac rehab because of a mix of medical and social reasons. Health care providers may not always recommend it to women, especially if they’re older or have other health issues. In addition, women are more likely than men to have cardiovascular diagnoses that don't qualify for cardiac rehabilitation reimbursement. Importantly, many women face additional social challenges like caregiving duties, work or family responsibilities and issues with transportation.

What are some of the barriers women face in participating in cardiac rehab, and how can patients work with their care teams to overcome them?

TC: Common barriers include transportation challenges, cost, time constraints, family responsibilities, lack of awareness and limited social or mental health support in traditional cardiac rehabilitation formats. Patients can ask their doctor directly for a referral, talk about virtual or home-based options and look for programs that offer flexible schedules and emotional support.

How does cardiac rehab specifically improve long-term heart health and quality of life for women? Are there benefits women might experience more than men?

TC: Cardiac rehab helps women live longer and feel better. It lowers the risk of another heart event, improves blood pressure and fitness, and boosts confidence and energy. Research shows that women may gain even more from rehab than men in terms of mental health, strength and overall quality of life.

What can patients do to make sure they are referred to cardiac rehab, and what should they look for in a program to ensure it meets their needs?

TC: To make sure they’re referred, women can ask their doctor before leaving the hospital to see if they qualify for cardiac rehab and where to go. They can choose a program that feels supportive and convenient — one that is easier to access, may offer some virtual sessions, group support, or classes focused on women’s needs. But even if these features are not offered — any cardiac rehabilitation is better than no cardiac rehabilitation for women.

What are some practical tips for women to stay engaged with cardiac rehab, whether it’s in-person, virtual or a hybrid program?

TC: To stay motivated, women can set small goals, schedule sessions at times that work for them and find ways to make exercise enjoyable. Having a support system is greatly beneficial too. Although not mandatory, using an app or wearable tracker, joining a women’s group, or inviting a friend or family member to encourage them can help boost motivation and accountability.