Why Cholesterol Awareness Could Save Lives, with Laurence Sperling, M.D.

September is National Cholesterol Education Month, and according to Laurence Sperling, M.D., chief medical officer at the Family Heart Foundation, it’s the perfect reminder for everyone to check in on their cholesterol.

Sperling stresses that cholesterol awareness is critical because high cholesterol is a major risk factor for heart disease and stroke. He explains that all American adults should have their cholesterol tested at least once every five years, while children should have a cholesterol check between ages 9 and 11. The Family Heart Foundation also offers a tool called Cholesterol Connect, which provides free at-home screening kits.

When reviewing cholesterol results, each component matters, but LDL cholesterol — often referred to as the “lousy” cholesterol — is especially important. Higher LDL levels increase the long-term risk of heart and blood vessel disease. To help patients better understand their personal targets, the Foundation created a tool called the LDL Safe Zone, which guides patients and clinicians in setting cholesterol goals based on individual risk.

Lifestyle changes remain the foundation of heart health. Sperling emphasizes a Mediterranean-style diet rich in fruits, vegetables, nuts, beans and whole grains, while dialing down on animal proteins, sweets and processed foods. He highlights certain foods that can actively help lower cholesterol, such as oat bran, walnuts, almonds, flaxseed and even small amounts of dark chocolate. Moderate physical activity is also key.

However, Sperling cautions that diet alone doesn’t tell the whole story. He explains that our bodies make and recycle cholesterol, so many people with very high cholesterol may actually have a genetic condition, not just a diet issue. Recognizing these red flags is essential, as genetic cholesterol disorders require more proactive care.

For those at very high risk or already living with heart disease, medications may be necessary in addition to lifestyle changes. Statins and other cholesterol-lowering therapies are not only effective at reducing LDL cholesterol but are also proven to prevent heart attacks, strokes, and other cardiovascular events. “These medications can be life-saving,” Sperling emphasizes.

His advice to patients: be proactive. Ask your doctor when you were last tested, discuss your cholesterol goals and explore whether medication could benefit you. With the right combination of lifestyle changes, awareness and available treatments, Sperling says, patients can take powerful steps to protect their heart health.